Who is primarily responsible for enforcing phytosanitary regulations in the U.S.?

The USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) is the primary agency responsible for enforcing phytosanitary regulations in the United States. APHIS plays a critical role in safeguarding U.S. agriculture and natural resources against pests and diseases. This agency implements regulations that are designed to prevent the introduction and spread of harmful plant pests and diseases, ensuring that both domestic and imported agricultural products meet strict health standards.

APHIS conducts inspections, quarantine activities, and risk assessments, helping to monitor and manage the entry of plant materials into the country. Their initiatives include educating the public and stakeholders about pest prevention and identification, further enhancing the nation's phytosanitary measures.

The other agencies mentioned have important functions but do not focus specifically on phytosanitary regulations. For example, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is tasked with upholding federal laws and managing security threats, while the Department of Homeland Security focuses on national security and protection against terrorism. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) works on regulating environmental issues, including pesticides and chemicals, but is distinct from the agricultural health mandates of APHIS.